AUTHORS O - P

Have a look at the UNIGOU Remote Publications developed by students
participating in the Scientific Training part of the UNIGOU Remote Program:

O

P

Serbia: A Pragmatic Performance Between Russia and the European Union?

Oliveira, Patrick da Anunciaçăo

Abstract:

Relations between Russia and the western powers can still be defined in a logic of opposition and, sometimes, pragmatic cooperation, as in the past times of the Cold War. In this setting, we see States defining their futures oscillating between one or other hegemonic power, trying to seek a position of autonomy to better preserve their interests. This brief analysis aims to interpret and delineate the position of Serbia in this context. By examining how this country, which claims to be a close friend of Russia, has acted as a player of great importance to Vladimir Putin in the Balkans, we will see in what directions Serbia can go in the future. Through a rapid journey in the past thirty years up to the present moment, the quintessence of this paper is to put the following question: What is going to be Serbia’s stance concerning the present Russia’s foreign policy towards Europe, and how is this going to influence the ongoing Serbian procedure to integrate the European Union?

Keywords:

Serbia, EU’s enlargement, Russia’s foreign policy, Balkans

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The False Market-State Dichotomy in Capitalist Development

Oliveira Martins da Silva, Mateus

Abstract:

Contemporaneusly there is an mainstream political discourse in political and economical discussions that bases itself mainly on a supposed dichotomy between Market and State, both intrepretred as separate opposites that should not be coordinated: that is the free-market ideal. This article is focused on demonstrating different critical interpretations of the Market-State relations and its implications on material reality. The method utilized is the use
of literature review followed by analysis of divergent critical theories about this same topic. We conclude that literature shows a range of relations that show an inherent link between State and Market that should demonstrate the mainstream discourse of dichotomy as false.

Keywords:

Imperialism, Capitalism, State-market relations.

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A quick look at Implementing Epigenetics in Brazilian High School Biology Curriculum

Oliveira Rocha, Amanda

Abstract:

Epigenetics is an emerging area that studies the extra layer of information on top of the DNA and how it affects gene regulation. This discipline is predicted to be more than 20% of genetics academic importance in 2029 and is required in the Brazilian Nacional Exam of High School (ENEM). This growing attention is due to discussions around environmental and lifestyle impacts on genome and phenotypes, and inheritance. In this way, this observational retrospective study investigated the theme through research on Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus, at first using words like “epigenetic”, “school”, “curriculum” and “education” to find literature. And aimed to elaborate on topics of epigenetics to be implemented in Brazilian schools through approaches that possibility students to be more interested in genetics. This article also considers the necessity to qualify teachers better around the theme and defends the demand for didactic books as a helpful complement to in-class education.

Keywords:

Biology, epigenetics, secondary curriculum, humanazing pedagogy.

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Acrylamide Detection Using Electrochemical Analysis. Determination with Biochar Modified Carbon Paste Electrode (McPe)

Oliveira Souza, Luara

Abstract:

The coffee is one of the most consumed industrial products nowadays, it is present in various environments, in various forms and has been consumed by individuals of different age groups, its bean is found in large quantities in Brazil being the fruit of the coffee tree, its industrialization process has several stages, being the roasting the stage of interest to this work. At this stage, the indirect formation of acrylamide occurs through the Milliard process, where substances present in coffee, such as asparagine and saccharides, are heated at temperatures above 120°C, forming acrylamide. In 1994, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified Acrylamide (CAS No. 79-06-1) as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2A), since then studies have been made to understand its formation in food and the effects caused in humans. This work had as main objective to determine acrylamide in coffee samples, however, the use of electroanalytical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were not efficient in the research, one of the hypotheses discussed for such result came from the analysis of the high polarity and low molecular mass of the compound, methods such as Gas Chromatography (GC) or Liquid Chromatography (LC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) are the most common and appropriate for the identification and determination of acrylamide. The results of the identification tests of acrylamide in solution of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB)[0,1 mol L-1], using carbon paste electrodes modified with biochar (MCPE), are presented, using CV, DPV and SWV. Analysing the results obtained resulted in the hypothesis that the biochar present in the MCPE absorbed the acrylamide present in solution, hindering the determination of the substance.

Keywords:

Acrylamide, Biochar, Modified Carbon Paste Electrode, Coffee, Voltammetry.

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Black Holes: Artistic Metaphors for the Contemporaneity

Ottero Gobetti, Gustavo

Abstract:

This paper investigates the cultural significance of black holes and suns as metaphors in continental European literature and art, drawing on theoretical insights from French continental authors such as Jean-François Lyotard and Ray Brassier. Lyotard suggests that black holes signify the ultimate form of the sublime, representing the displacement of humanity and our unease with our place in the cosmos. On the other hand, Brassier views black holes as a consequence of the entropic dissolution of matter, reflecting physical reality’s indifference to subjective or teleological significance. The study also presents a curated collection of literary works and artworks that employ black holes and suns as metaphors, examining the emergence of these metaphorical objects and identifying discursive and epistemological shifts in society. Furthermore, this collaborative research project, involving the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo and the Federal Fluminense University in Brazil, and the Charles University in Prague in the Czech Republic, aims to provide a valuable resource for further academic inquiry.

Keywords:

Black Holes; Black Suns; Metaphors; Artwork; Literature; Contemporary Continental Philosophy.

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The Impacts of Generalism VS Specialism in The Career Formation

Oliveira de Figueiroa Faria, Leonardo

Abstract:

Generalism is becoming a better option for people starting in the professional market, yet, is it the best option? New ways of curriculum development are emerging, and the students preparing to enter the professional world are not being truly oriented on this matter. Throughout this article I will dissect and talk about the pros and cons of this type of formation and compare it with its antonym, Specialism. To develop this Scientific Paper, two methods were used, a research containing data from previous articles and books, and a small research done with managers and employees from companies situated in Recife-PE. The main objective of this article is to obtain a definitive answer to the question: Nowadays, is it better to be a Generalist or a Specialist? And hopefully explain why one of them is better or if they are similar, depending on the area of choice.

Keywords:

Generalism, Specialism, Management, Career, Development.

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Pharmacological Therapy in fibromyalgia: A Literature Review

Oliveira Felice, Ágatha

Abstract:

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome that impacts both the physical and cognitive aspects of patients, causing musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sensitivity, and various other symptoms that significantly compromise their quality of life.Methodology: The research utilised Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed, considering articles in Portuguese and English from 2018 to 2023. Out of an initial 222 articles, 32 were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results and Discussion: Treatments for fibromyalgia involve multiple classes of medications, such as tricyclic antidepressants, non-opioid analgesics, NSAIDs, SSRIs, SNRIs, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, opioids, sleep-inducing drugs, and cannabinoids. Each class has a mechanism of action directed at different symptoms of fibromyalgia. The effectiveness varies among patients, emphasising the importance of an individualised treatment plan. Notably, studies on cannabinoids in the treatment of fibromyalgia are limited, but they indicate efficacy in treating chronic pain.Conclusion: Treating fibromyalgia requires a multifaceted and individualised approach, with various classes of medications available, each targeting different symptoms of the disease. More research on the use of cannabinoids is needed to solidify their effectiveness in treating fibromyalgia.

Keywords:

Fibromyalgia/drug therapy, drug therapy.

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The Fine Line between Constitutionality and Legality: A Question of Difference between Legal Principles in Brazilian Constitucional Law

Oliveira Perez Costa, Pedro José

Abstract:

Legal principles are what Bonavides understands as the alpha and omega of Constitutional Law. From the theoretical analysis in the conceptualization discourse of the legal principle, the question of the difference between Constitutionality and Legality is problematized, through a paradigm of Constitutionalization of law. Therefore, it is vital for this work to establish a clear methodological-theoretical approach in the search for limits in the dominant constitutional thought regarding what determines a constitutional norm and a principle of Law. Thus, the question arises what is the difference between the legal principle of Legality and the notion of Constitutionality.

Keywords:

General Principles of Law, Constitutional Law, Legality, Constitutionality, Theory of Principles, Constitutionalization of Law.

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Most Common Findings of Carditis in Children with Rheumatic Fever: A Literature Review

Oliveira Santiago, Pedro Henrique

Abstract:

Rheumatic Fever (RF) is an autoimmune disease triggered by Streptococcus pyogenes, primarily affecting children and young adults. Its most severe complication, carditis, leads to Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD), impacting over 15 million individuals globally, with 500,000 new RF cases annually. Cardiac involvement occurs in some cases of RF patients, characterized by pancarditis and heart valve damage due to molecular mimicry. Contrary to literature expectations, male patients exhibited in this research a higher incidence of rheumatic carditis. This study reveals mitral regurgitation (90%) and aortic regurgitation (85%) as prevalent manifestations of rheumatic carditis, while Erythema marginatum and Chorea are less frequent.

Keywords:

Carditis; Rheumatic fever; Children.

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Use of Rock Powder and Organic Fertilizer as a Source of Nutrients for Maize Crop

Onesko, Juan Cristopher

Abstract:

The use of rock powder as a source of nutrients to plants can be an alternative or complement to mineral soluble and organic sources, reducing the costs and the environmental pollution. Thus, the objective of this study was to present data from a long-term field trial, installed in 2015 at Federal University of Fronteira Sul, in Erechim City, in Rio Grande do Sul State, in Brazil. The data presented here evaluates the effects of applying increasing rates of rock powder (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 t ha-1), associated or not to organic fertilizer, on the soil chemical attributes and maize yield (crop season 22/23). The experiment was carried out in completely randomized blocks, with three replicates. The organic fertilizer used were bovine manure and egg-laying hen manure, while the rock powder was obtained from an extrusive igneous rock miner company (as grinding residue). The rock powder and organic fertilizer were applied on the soil, without incorporation. The soil is classified as Latossolo Vermelho Aluminoférrico típico, which corresponds to Oxisol. The rock powder associated with organic fertilizer increased potassium content in the soil. The organic fertilizer, regardless of rock powder rates, increased maize yield, soil pH and phosphorus content in the soil.

Keywords:

Rocking, remineralization; alternative fertilization; organic fertilizers.

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P

Absolute Pitch - Heredity or Practice?

Pacheco Lopes, Gustavo

Abstract:

The article presents the importance of auditory perception for musicians, as well as the debate about the genetic influence versus training in the acquisition of perfect pitch. The authors explain that hearing is essential for the musical experience, as music is composed of organised sounds, and the musician’s skill is closely linked to his perception and affective memory. There are two types of hearing, relative and absolute, the first of which is related to the ability to identify a note by relating it to other notes, and the second allows you to perceive and define each of the notes that reach the ear. Absolute pitch is rare, occurring in 1 in 10,000 people, and is considered a gift that can be innate or acquired over time with practice. The authors also explain that music mobilises almost all regions of the brain and almost all neural subsystems, which makes this activity very complex. In short, the article presents relevant information about auditory perception and absolute pitch, and discusses the relationship between genetics and training in the acquisition of this musical skill.

Keywords:

Absolute pitch, Philosophy, Epistemology, Senses, Sound.

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An Overview of Google Shopping Case in Brazil and Europe Union

Paiva Alves, Malu

Abstract:

The challenge to competition authorities presented by digital markets is the combination of some characteristics present in this specific market. The article explores how the characteristics of digital market present a challenge to the antitrust enforcement. Among the decision made by competition authorities worldwide, the Google Shopping Case demonstrated to be present in more than one jurisdiction, due to it, the present work intends to analyze the influence to the antitrust of the Google Shopping case in Brazil – that was judge by Administrative Council for Economic Defense – and Google Shopping case in Europe. Furthermore, a comparative between the two decision is development to prove the importance of Google Shopping case in each jurisdiction and how the competition authorities had different position towards Google alleged conducts.

Keywords:

Digital Platforms, Google Shopping, Brazil, Europe, Antitrust.

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A Contemporary Approach to Landscape: Artworks from the São Paulo Museum of Modern Art’s collection

Palucci Marziale, Nicole

Abstract:

This paper conducts a brief contextualization of the tradition of landscape painting, mainly in western art, towards the rupture with its notion of “panoramic view”, in which the observer is detached from the context of the landscape, emphasizing contemporary artworks in which the body takes on a position of protagonist. To illustrate this change, we searched the collection of the São Paulo Museum of Modern Art, in Brazil, and chose three artworks, all of which suggest bodily involvement with landscape: André Cypriano’s photo Pai & filho [Father & Son], from the series Rocinha Project (1999-2002); Sandra Cinto’s photo Untitled (1997); and Sara Ramo’s video Oceano possível [Possible Ocean] (2002).

Keywords:

History of Art, landscape painting, body, São Paulo Museum of Modern Art.

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Racial Democracy in Brazil: Construction and Denunciation of the Myth

Pequeno Soares, Anita Maria

Abstract:

For about three centuries, Brazil was the country responsible for kidnapping the largest contingent of African people to be enslaved. Slavery left indelible marks on the country’s history and, even after its formal end, continued to permeate social relations and the dynamics of social inequality. Despite this, a farce prevailed as a national identity and, for itself and for the world, Brazil sold the image of being a racial paradise. This process goes back to the name of Gilberto Freyre, author whose work was fundamental for the propagation of this fallacy. Several authors, especially from the 1950s onwards, questioned him and unmasked the true face of a profoundly racist society. In this brief article, I will bring the pioneering and fundamental contribution of the sociologist Floresntan Fernandes. Invited by Roger Bastide, Fernandes produced a revolutionary study of the country’s racial dynamics and theoretically denounced Brazilian racial democracy as a myth.

Keywords:

Brazil; Racial Democracy; Racism; Black Movement.

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Review on the Assessment and Repair of Cultural Heritage Timber Structures

Pereira Andrade, Gabriel

Abstract:

From the goal of maintaining the service life of a structure comes the need to determine the condition of the structure in situ and then plan an appropriate intervention. Especially when working with timber on historical buildings, all care must be taken in order to obtain proper data about its state, because the aim is not only the repair of the structure itself, but also the preservation of the history it carries with it. Having this in mind, this paper focuses
on the literature review on how to assess the structures of ancient and historical buildings made out of timber, the most common methods for determining structural integrity in situ, focusing on non-destructive testing (NDT), interventions that could be useful and the importance of each method. There is a great variety of species of timber with different properties such as density, strength, water absorption, etc., which makes it important to determine them as well as the type of wood which requires testing beyond mere visual inspection. It is noted that the solution proposed in each case must consider aspects such as the load configuration and ductility of the original structure so the intervention doesn’t change said aspects and, consequently, the global behaviour of the system. The substitution of members should always be avoided, and only considered in a situation that has no other solutions, since it compromises the aesthetics and historical values of the building.

Keywords:

Assessment, Cultural Heritage, Historical Buildings, Intervention, Non-destructive Testing, Timber Structure.

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Inorganic Semiconductors as Catalysts in the CO2 Photoreduction Reaction: A Review

Pereira Brasil, Marcelo

Abstract:

Human activities and the burning of fossil fuels to meet the planet’s energy demands have triggered a growing emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the main causes of the greenhouse effect today. Searching for ways to reduce CO2 emission or mechanisms that reduce its concentration in the atmosphere has been a challenge for scientists in recent decades. A path that is quite promising is the use of solar radiation to convert CO2 into high value-added products, through photocatalysis processes, in which the reduction of gas and the oxidation of reducing agents such as water occur. The application of inorganic semiconductors as photocatalysts in CO2 reduction processes has been extensively studied due to the economic viability that these materials present, in addition to the thermodynamic properties that favor photocatalysis processes. This study focused on understanding the basic principles of photocatalysis and the application of inorganic semiconductors such as sulfides, metal oxides, nitrides and oxynitrides in photocatalysis reactions, giving special attention to photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems based on titania (TiO2), an oxide metallic that presents great prominence due to its structure, chemical and thermodynamic properties. A brief historical summary of highly relevant studies using TiO2 in photocatalysis processes is presented, confirming its potential and outlining future perspectives for studies of photocatalytic reduction of CO2.

Keywords:

Greenhouse effect, Principle of photocatalysis, Photocatalytic conversion of CO2, Inorganic semiconductors, TiO2-based catalytic systems.

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Pires Against Camargo: Feud and Vengeance in Colonial Brazil

Pereira da Silva, Brendon Lucas

Abstract:

This article aims to analyze the bloodfeud that occurred between the families of “senhores de engenho” Pires and Camargo during the years 1640-1651, in the captaincy of São Vicente, in colonial Brazil, and to compare it with the cases of Feud and Vengeance that occurred in Medieval Europe. This “Private War” was one of the most famous in colonial Brazil, as it brings a Shakespearean memory of the rivalry between the Capulet and Montague.

Keywords:

Vengeance, Feud, Senhor de Engenho, Blood Feud, Colonial.

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Terras Pretas in Technique Interface: Literature Reviews

Pereira de Andrade, Matheus

Abstract:

In this text I present on the Terra Preta in interface with discussions on the Anthropology of Technique. The “Terras Pretas de indio”, as they are also called, have a strong anthropogenic connotation, in comparison with the soils present in the Amazon. The Terras Pretas, if understood from the perspective of space, according to Milton Santos, who understands it as a conjunction of systems of objects and systems of action, we realize that technique is a register in space, and therefore, a link between these dimensions. In this sense, the techno diversity that exploits the floristic potential of the forest and the soil can make it possible to think about the transformations that may have allowed the existence of Terras Pretas and their variations.

Keywords:

Amazonian Archaeology; Anthropology of Technique ; Terras Pretas.

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Potential of Biogas in Sub-Saharan Africa – An Overview

Pereira Massoto Laranjeiras, Ludmilla

Abstract:

Biogas technology is a renewable energy with the potential to provide benefits to Sub Saharan Africa in several socioeconomic and environmental aspects, mainly considering all issues associated with the production of energy in this region nowadays. Despite many challenges related to developing the biogas industry locally, this technology has been considered a more sustainable energy source to fight energy poverty, mainly in rural areas. Therefore, this paper investigates the main benefits related to biogas dissemination in Sub-Saharan Africa. Considering the method, it was developed a textual search on ScienceDirect using the keywords “Sub-Saharan Africa”, “Biogas”, “biogas in Sub Saharan Africa”, and “biodigesters in Sub Saharan Africa”, between the years of 2000 to 2022. Afterwards, two main articles were selected to be used as base for the present literature review. Results show that biogas tends to develop the domestic industry, create jobs and technical trainings, reduce external dependence on energy, create quality of life, improve sanitation and food security, promote gender equality, improve farming conditions, reduce erosion, reduce poverty indicators, develop a waste management solution and improve air and water quality.

Keywords:

Energy Poverty, Sub-Saharan Africa, Biogas.

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Analysis Between Different Types of 4-Quadrant Switches Used on EV’s Charger Rectifiers

Peron Metzger, Tiago

Abstract:

This research paper presents an analysis of different types of 4-quadrant switches topologies for 3 phase rectifiers, namely T-type, NPC-type, and VIENNA-type. The aim of the study is to compare and contrast the performance of these topologies in terms of power output. The analysis is conducted through simulation studies using the PSIM software, which includes modelling and simulation of each topology. The results reveal that each topology has its unique advantages and limitations. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of different 4-quadrant switches topologies and suitability for different applications.

Keywords:

3 phase rectifiers, 4-quadrant switches, electric vehicles (EV), battery chargers.

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Brazilian Contribution in Fighting International Terrorism

Pessoa Faria Dias, Anna Maria

Abstract:

There have been many cases of terrorist attacks worldwide. And even though Brazil has a pacifist stance and seems to be a distant reality, Brazil is exposed to the terrorist threat. For this reason, concerning international cooperation in the fight against terrorism, this study aims to identify Brazil’s contribution to the fight against international terrorism and present its experience and actions against domestic terrorism. The provided data were obtained through bibliographic research. Considering terrorist attacks around the globe and that Brazil is threatened by it like other countries, the goals were to process the provided data in different platforms; search for terrorism definition; work on a review of the literature to find Brazil’s experience with terrorism and its cooperation to fight against it; understand how Brazil deals with terrorism within the scope of its legislation and identify Brazil cooperation at regional and international levels. In addition to its operation in sports events like FIFA’s World Cup in 2014 and the Olympics and Paralympics in 2016, Brazil has had experience with homegrown terrorism. Over the past few years, it has also been fighting international terrorism on various platforms. Brazil cooperates at the regional and international levels, and it is becoming a relevant and respected partner in the international community.

Keywords:

Brazil, international terrorism, counterterrorism.

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The Factory in the Past and the Bangu Mall in the Present

Pia de Oliveira, Tanita

Abstract:

During three months of ethnography inside of Bangu Shopping points that are discussed in this article were well observed and analyzed to understand why and what made Bangu Shopping the place that dialogue with your own neighborhood more than any mall in Rio de Janeiro. Bangu shopping was born in a way different from any other shopping. It was born preserving the history of itself. The methodology used was participant observation to collect qualitative databases of how far and important de Bangu shopping was for its own community, in a meaning of being a shopping not just used to an expensive way or luxury. The article wants to understand and observe that Bangu shopping is as important to the neighborhood as it was to the factory before.

Keywords:

Mall, Bangu, popular, neighborhood.

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A Review About the Transition of CEA’s from the Field to Indoors

Poiatto, Maycon

Abstract:

In this article it is presented an overview of the literature regarding the topic of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and its shifting from open-field to indoors applications. The efforts to make agriculture, in all of its steps, more efficient combined with the technological advancement of the last decades led us to a situation where not only the monitoring and control of several aspects of cultivation is possible, but it can be achieved on a small scale with low-cost solutions. This increased the technological access of microcontrollers, such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi, which allowed the development for academy research prototyping and emerging of novel concepts, such as smart greenhouses. With that, this literature review shows some of the recent works done by researchers, representing the possibilities of main applications in precision agriculture. The main goal is highlighting important aspects of using the mentioned technological platforms as a way of showing their relevance, and then provide further explanation on how these studies empowered the transition from field to indoors. Finally, it is concluded that technological advance has made possible the reliable control of different environments and made more accessible the research of CEA. But, on the other hand, there is still a lack of incentives for students and universities studying and solving problems to provide even more innovations regarding the field.

Keywords:

Precision agriculture, Agriculture 4.0, Smart greenhouses, Microcontrollers

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An Overview of Günther Schlee’s Theory on ‘Ethnic Conflicts’

Pussieldi Moratelli, Luísa

Abstract:

This review paper aims to sum up Günther Schlee’s main considerations about theories of ethnic conflicts. The interest in reviewing this topic is related to the author’s main academic ambitions to research the use of ethnicity as an argument for state violence in several regions. The paper is therefore divided into 4 topics. Firstly, an introduction about Günther Schlee and his work. Secondly, a discussion about the arguments used to defend ethnicity as the main cause of ethnic conflicts. This arguments are divided by Schlee into six main points: cultural differences/ethnicities are the cause of ethnic conflicts; the clash of different cultures reflects ancient oppositions; ethnicity is universal; ethnicity is ascriptive; a people is a community of shared descent; ethnic groups are territorial. Thirdly, an overview of Schlee’s theoretical frame to tackle the subject of ethnic conflicts and the different levels of analysis (A, B, and C), which considers: A) the semantic fields of identity concepts; B) the politics of inclusion and exclusion; C) The economics of group size and social position. Finally, combining the analysis with another review article about Günther Schlee’s work, written by Aleksandar Bošković and Suzana Ignjatovic´, some general conclusions are made about the analytical possibilities brought up by the book.

Keywords:

Ethnic Conflicts, Ethnicity, Conflict Theory, Identity, Günther Schlee.

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Semiosis of Revenge Porn: A Study on Gender and Patriarchy in Brazil

Packes Rambo, Mariane Carolina

Abstract:

Revenge porn is a crime foreseen in Brazilian law since 2018, characterised as the non-consensual propagation of photos, videos and audios containing sexual content. This act can be done against all kinds of people, but data shows that women are the greatest victims. From this context, we sought to understand, with this research, which signs of patriarchy are present in revenge porn. To answer our research problem, we used the multiple case study methodology and the content analysis methodology. We conclude that revenge porn is a sort of gender violence and there is a stigmatisation and blaming towards female victims, because they do not fulfil social norms designed from their gender.

Keywords:

Semiosis, Revenge porn, Gender, Patriarchy.

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The Correlation Between Human Trafficking and Refuge in Brazil

Pereira, Aliandra Thais

Abstract:

This article presents the connection between human trafficking and refuge, presenting the reason why refugees are at a high risk of becoming trafficking victims. At first, we elaborated the global and Brazilian landscape for both issues with data from the United Nations’ and national reports. After that, the interface between those is presented. In analysing the data that was found, it was perceived that there is an enormous gap of information referring to human trafficking cases in Brazil, with no database comprehending data collected from multiple fronts and organisations involved in combating, investigating, prosecuting, and protecting victims of human trafficking. We then discuss the human rights approach as a better option to create effective public policies, taking into consideration the principle of dignity of the human person, to guarantee rights to those in extreme vulnerability, especially the refugee population in Brazil.

Keywords:

Human trafficking, human rights, refugees, migration, public policy, forced displacement, exploitation.

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The Influence Of Different Lime Contents And Air-Entraining Admixture in Rendering Properties

Pessa, Ana Raquel

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the influence of different lime and air-entraining admixture (AEA) contents in composite mortar mixtures produced by blending two fine aggregates, 70% artificial sand and 30% natural sand. To evaluate the effects produced by different proportions of lime and air-entraining admixture, 9 mortar mixes were prepared with a cement-to-sand ratio of 1:6 and varying additions of lime (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) and AEA (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%), dosed to achieve a consistency of 260±10 mm (flow table). The results indicated the influence of AEA on the mortar properties. As the admixture content increased, the mortars required less water to achieve the desired workability. It was also observed that the increase in AEA content resulted in a higher amount of entrained air in the mortars, reducing their strengths.

Keywords:

Mortar dosing, plaster, crusher sand, air-entraining admixture.

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Alternative Herbicides to High Developed Conyza spp. control in Soybean’s Pre-Sowing

Pessoni Pereira Nascimento Borges, Rafael

Abstract:

Conyza spp. is one of the main weeds in soybean’s crop. Its management becomes complex as a result of resistant biotypes to 2,4-D associated to its high development. In this scenario, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of alternative herbicides to 2,4-D followed by sequential application in Conyza spp.’s control with phenological state superior to 10cm. The experiment was conducted at field in experimental delineation of casualized blocks and in homogeneous and natural infestation’s area of Conyza spp. The first application was constituted by the treatments: (fluroxypyr + clethodim) + glyphosate; dicamba + glyphosate; triclopyr + glyphosate; chlorimuron-ethyl + glyphosate; (mesotrione + atrazine) + glyphosate; (halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam) + glyphosate; (mesotrione + atrazine) + glyphosate + 2,4-D; tembotrione + atrazine + glyphosate and tembotrione + atrazine + 2,4-D + glyphosate besides the witness with no herbicide application. At 14 days after treatments application, it was done the sequential application through ammonium glufosinate. The percentual control of Conyza spp. was evaluated through visual evaluations at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after the application – DAA. The statistical analyze of the results was conducted by the F test for fixed effect factors and applied the Tukey’s test to compare the level among treatments. The best results at 35 DAA were dicamba + glyphosate and triclopyr + glyphosate, while the less effective, was chlorimuron-ethyl + glyphosate.

Keywords:

Horseweed, Phenology, Sequential.

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Psychosocial Vulnerabilities of Pregnancy and Puerperium in Incarcerated Women

Pires de Oliveira, Isadora

Abstract:

This article focuses on analyzing interseccionally the assurance of maternal mental health in the Brazilian prison context. This issue has shown deficiencies stemming from the denial of rights to these women and neglect related to their condition. The method employed was a literature review of eight articles and one book that address the topic. The results presented demonstrate the increasing relevance of pregnancy and the postpartum period in prison, particularly from 2018 onwards. The relationship between the exacerbation of carceral vulnerabilities among Black women, who make up the majority of this space, was also highlighted.

Keywords:

Pregnancy, postpartum, incarceration, mental health, race.

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Environmental Certification as an Incentive for Sustainable Civil Construction

Pizzatto Fagundes, Mateus

Abstract:

The current emphasis on sustainable development has given rise to an emerging paradigm in the field of civil engineering, known as “Sustainable Construction.” This new approach to the design and construction of buildings primarily seeks to reduce the impacts associated with energy consumption, utilization of natural resources, waste generation, and other related factors. Moreover, this movement has sparked significant debates regarding methodologies for the conception, implementation, and operation of buildings. This study aims to explore and conceptualize sustainability from three fundamental perspectives: environmental, economic, and social. Furthermore, it emphasizes the relevance of environmental certifications, with special attention to the certification system known as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design). LEED is an assessment tool that plays a crucial role in identifying, implementing, and evaluating sustainable practices in buildings, contributing to the promotion of ecologically responsible and socially beneficial constructions. A methodological approach focusing on a literature review relevant to the field of sustainable construction has been adopted. This approach involved a meticulous process of source identification and acquisition, encompassing scientific articles, literary works, technical reports, and other pertinent contributions through exploration of academic databases and digital library resources. Once a careful selection of sources was completed, the subsequent phase comprised a critical analysis of each of the identified articles and documents. During this phase, the prominent principles, findings, and trends related to the domain of sustainable construction were highlighted, recognizing environmental certification as a pivotal factor in encouraging stakeholders in the global construction industry.

Keywords:

Sustainability, Leed Certification, Sustainable construction, Environmental certifications.

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Evolution of Mobility in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in the south of Brazil: A Longitudinal Study

Polo, Laura

Abstract:

Covid-19 is an acute respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, from the coronavirus family. It is responsible for a systemic impact, with various symptoms, manifested in the acute, sub-acute, and / or chronic phases of the disease. It may present in a severe form requiring hospitalisation and possible admission in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for complications associated with pneumonia and / or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hospitalized patients may suffer impairments in their mobility due to characteristics of the disease itself or given complications from hospitalization. These repercussions can manifest during hospital stay and last for months after discharge. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Covid-19 on the mobility of individuals after hospitalization. This paper is an analytical longitudinal study that analysed the data of individuals hospitalized due to Covid-19, in two hospitals in the south of Brazil, between July 2020 and March 2022. The scales and questionnaires used in the gathering were the ICU Mobility Scale and WHODAS 2.0 (Mobility Domain). The investigated variables were mobility in five different periods – rehospitalisation, 30, 90 and 180 days after discharge – age, sex, total length of stay and length of stay in the ICU. That investigation was carried out from a descriptive perspective with measures of central tendency and dispersion. The Shapiro-Wilk test observed the normality of the data. Considering the abnormality of the data, the Friedman test with peer comparison was used. It was found that mobility was compromised at the time of hospital discharge of surviving hospitalised patients infected with COVID-19, where individuals required assistance from 1 or were more people or even unable to walk, and the functional mobility status remained compromised even three months after hospital discharge.

Keywords:

Mobility Limitation. Hospitalisation. Coronavirus.

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Freedom and Equality as Fundamental Pillars for the Maintenance of Capitalism

Portilho Bolanho da Rosa, Angela

Abstract:

Freedom and equality are pillars for the construction of the majority types of modern ideologies, since the 1500ths. Law and Economics analyze those concepts in different ways, sometimes antagonists. Law scientists are in the duty to guarantee that all human being have equal rights and equal access to them. In cases of economic conflict, Law agents are responsible for protecting fundamental rights of all individuals, including economic freedom, political freedom, speech freedom, choice freedom and, above all, the human dignity. On the contrary, Economic scientists are focused on only one type of freedom: economic freedom, ignoring all other uncountable individuals’ rights, in the name of the market´s natural self-regulation. Capitalism ideology lies in the idea that all individuals are free to pursue their own egocentric interests, so the market voluntary cooperation will lead to satisfaction. This research paper supports the idea that the good function of Capitalism system in current developing societies depends on Law regulation and affirmative acts taken by the government.

Keywords:

Freedom, equality, capitalism, law, regulation.

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A Guide to Obtaining Fundus Images Using Low-Cost Smartphone-Based Techniques

Prado Vereau, Luis Antonio

Abstract:

This paper describes developing a cost-effective system for capturing fundus images using smartphones. The techniques used to achieve this are also described, providing an alternative to the expensive solutions currently available. A smartphone with a 3D printed PLA adapter arm, based on the Odocs Fundus open-source project [1], and a +20 optical diopter condenser lens were used to capture images. The adapter arm was used to align the smartphone camera with the optical center of the lens and flashlight. It was confirmed that the lighting adhered to the safety limits ISO 15004-2.2 set. Clear images of the optic nerve, papillary excavation, excavation/disc ratio, and vascularization were obtained at high resolution. This system can be helpful for early prevention of blindness and low vision. Its application can be applied to human and veterinary use. Its connectivity can also aid in the development of telehealth systems. The system’s techniques have a short learning curve, enabling healthcare professionals to work in resource-limited settings or where imaging systems are unavailable. Low-cost cell phones have proven to yield good results. The captured videos were used to extract images, then transmitted via Wi-Fi and 4G for later review. Additional clinical trials will be required to validate the system for widespread use.

Keywords:

Smartphone, fundus, fundoscopy, ophthalmoscopy, low cost, imaging, photography.